“Challenges and Adaptation Strategies of Madrasah, Islamic Schools, and Pesantren in Facing Global Competition”. AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam 6, no. 3 (May 13, 2026): 982–997. Accessed September 18, 2026. https://www.jurnal.staialjami.ac.id/index.php/AL_GHAZALI/article/view/603.